If you will find been a person immutable rule all over American television history, it has been community news. Pretty much from the moment the station 1st signed on air, they commenced carrying neighborhood information where sports activities normally played A significant job. A lack of steady programming resources in these early years led several stations to show to sports to fill their broadcasting schedules. Ny's WNBT television signed on to broadcast in July 1941, and its initially broadcast was an expert baseball match ("NBC Record", 2003). When developing neighborhood newscasts to match their viewers, these stations commonly included sports and weather. As an example, in 1961 WKMG commenced its initially comprehensive-time information Office in Orlando. Newscasts include Frank Vaught's sports reviews ("The background of," 2003).
Sports activities have held a dominant place in neighborhood news broadcasting for numerous several years, but new marketplace tendencies have identified as into problem this situation. Segmented audiences, shifting demographics, and declining news profitability have pressured the station to reexamine its community athletics section. “Athletics is without doubt one of the last parts of Tv set wherever persons do points how they constantly have,” claims television executive Elliott Wiser. “(Today) a completely new solution is necessary” (Deggans, 2000).
Dilemma for Neighborhood Television Information
미국인들에게 뉴스의 주요 제공자로서 텔레비전의 패권을 위협하는 몇 가지 요인이 결합되었습니다. Job for Excellence in Journalism(2002)에서 수행한 연구에 따르면 텔레비전 뉴스 방송이 시청자를 잃고 있습니다. 1998년에는 방송국의 2/3가 지역 뉴스 방송 시청률이 감소했다고 보고했습니다. 2002년까지 그 수치는 seventy six%로 증가했습니다. 2001년 9월 테러 이후에도 지역 뉴스 시청률은 7% 떨어졌다.
인터넷, 케이블 채널 및 가정용 위성과 같은 미디어 소스의 출현은 시청자에게 뉴스 대안을 제공했습니다. Radio and tv Information Director’s Association(“Changing channels”, 1996)의 연구에 따르면, “대중의 상당 부분이 정기적으로 다른 다양한 소스에 귀를 기울입니다.”
점점 더 많은 방송국이 대형 미디어 회사에 의해 통제됨에 따라 지역 텔레비전 뉴스도 수익 지향적이 되었습니다. 예를 들어, 2002년 첫 몇 주 동안 세 개의 방송국 그룹은 자회사 방송국에서 지역 뉴스를 완전히 제거하기로 결정했습니다(Trigoboff, 2002). Television set 뉴스 컨설턴트인 짐 윌리는 "대혁명이 일어날 것 같다"고 말했다. "같은 시장에서 동시에 4~five개의 뉴스 방송을 해야 합니까?" (Trigoboff, 2002).
Challenge for Regional Television Sports
None of the is good news for the community television sporting activities sector, which can be increasingly underneath scrutiny from station execs. In spite of its common presence in just regional newscasts, sports have prolonged been regarded as a "tuning" component. In accordance with a study from the Radio and tv Information Directors Foundation, only 31% of viewers reported they ended up 'very intrigued' in sporting activities and 32% had been 'considerably fascinated' ("Journalism and Ethics", 1998). This compares to 72% who expressed fascination during the weather. "Athletics are exceptionally polarizing." stated television information marketing consultant Brent Magid. “The majority can take, go away, or despise” (Greppi, 2002).
Studies have proven that Gals are considerably much less enthusiastic about sporting activities than men (Gantz and Wenner, 1991; Perse, 1992), and lots of stations have acted accordingly. In 2000, Tampa's WTSP dropped the Activity from its early night newscasts. As outlined by station information director Jim Church, "Telling a Tale when no one is listening just isn't a superb utilization of air time" (Deggans, 2000).
Some stations have removed the Activity, while some have 스포츠중계 lessened their allotted time. Depending on the day from the week (weekends have a lot more sports activities time), sports activities segments have usually acquired amongst 3 and five minutes of neighborhood news coverage. Now that quantity is down to about a moment. In 2002, Pittsburgh's KDKA Slash some time for athletics by just 3 plus a 50 percent minutes for three hours of news. Others in the industry have implemented new approaches, such as sporting activities tales that target a lot more on folks than scores or cater to some wider information audience. "What we're endeavoring to do now could be handle sports activities as information," claims KDKA news director Al Blinke. “We want to do a little something outside of sports activities” (Finder, 2002).
Discussion
스포츠 부문에서 일어나고 있는 변화는 시간 할당보다 콘텐츠, 스타일 및 프레젠테이션과 더 관련이 있습니다. 아마도 시청자에게 모든 스포츠 네트워크와 대조되는 것을 제공하기 위한 노력의 일환으로, 지역 Television set 스포츠는 지역 이야기, 운동 선수 및 이벤트에 더 초점을 맞추고 있으며 일반 스포츠 팬을 위해 보다 기능 지향적이고 시청자 친화적인 보도를 만들고 있습니다. 전형적인 반응은 Midwest의 뉴스 디렉터가 “우리는 스포츠가 비스포츠 팬들에게 흥미로웠으면 합니다. 여기서 스포츠는 뉴스이고 커뮤니티입니다. 많은 케이블 스포츠 채널이 제공하는 것과는 반대로 시청자에게 지역 정보를 제공하십시오. 우리만이 현지에 갈 수 있습니다. 그들은 할 수 없습니다.”
지역 텔레비전 스포츠의 미래에 대해 뉴스 감독들은 이 연구에 대해 지금과 가까운 미래의 두 가지 뚜렷한 시간 프레임을 제안하는 더 비관적이었고, 지역 텔레비전 스포츠는 안전해 보이지만 뉴스 감독들은 그것을 매우 짧은 기간에 묶었습니다. 한 뉴스 디렉터는 이렇게 말했습니다. 지금은 하기 싫지만 앞으로는 할 수 있을 것”이라고 말했다.
Implications
Variations in community sports activities might be a mirrored image on the incredible upheaval going on all over broadcast information. When the sporting activities sector is no more Secure, How about other news features? CBS Group Information Vice President Joel Cheatwood (Trigoboff, 2002) reported, “[All of this] forces us to reexamine the [information] design.”
On a more speedy stage, adjustments within the area sports activities sector directly have an impact on 1000s of aspiring sportscasters. Stations that are minimizing their commitment to athletics are also minimizing their sports workforce amounts, which impacts The work marketplace. A different news director mentioned, "[Sporting activities on newscasts] is dying." “We went from two complete-time sportsmen to 1 comprehensive-time, a single answerable for the news 3 times each week, and it was a combat to remain there.”
Similarly critical, variations in the way sports activities are offered are forcing sporting activities broadcasters to learn new strategies. No more can sportscasters deal with scoring. They have to produce the presentation far more partaking for normal fans. This really is also crucial for journalism universities across the nation, which really need to document what stations want within the sports sector and update their coaching curricula.
Will these adjustments perform or persist? Sports activities journalist Chuck Finder (2002) commented about the transform in KDKA, “Enable’s reserve closing judgment right until September, in the event the Steelers, college or university, and highschool soccer seasons begin in earnest. Then the station will probably be . There is certainly an error in clock management.”